Lesson 6

6.1 Grammar

6.1.1 て-Form

Used for:

• Making requests (… please)
• Forming a compound sentence (I did this and that)
• Giving and asking for permission (You may…/May I …)
• Stating something that is forbidden (You must not …)

Te-form song: https://tinyurl.com/bdds4tbz

Review: In Genki 1, it’s considered an u-verb if the final syllable before る ends with either an -i ru or -e ru.

6.1.2 〜てください

Use the て-form together with ください to make a polite request to another person (i.e please do … for me)

教科書(きょうかしょ) を 読(よ) んでください。

Please read the textbook.

日本語(にほんご) を 話(はな) してください。

Please speak Japanese.

すみません。ちょっと 教(おし) えてください。

Excuse me. Please teach me a little.

If you are talking with a very close friend or family, the te-form can be used as a request.

窓(まど) を 開(あ) けて。

Open the window, will you?

6.1.3 Describing Two Activities

The te-form can be used as a connector between two verbs (sort of like an “and”). と is only used as an “and” for nouns.

今日(きょう) は、 六時(ろくじ) に 起(お) きて、 勉強(べんきょう) しました。

Today, I woke up at 6 and studied.

6.1.4 〜てもいいです

A verb plus a もいいです means “you may do …”, describes an activity that is permitted. It can also be used to ask for permission.

教科書(きょうかしょ) を 見(み) てもいいですよ。

You may use the textbook.

6.1.5 〜てはいけません

A verb plus a はいけません means “you must not do …”, a strong prohibition statement, as in rules and regulations. Don’t use はいけません unless you are in a place of authority. It sounds too harsh.

ここで 写真(しゃしん) を 撮(と) ってはいけません。

You must not take pictures here.

6.1.6 〜から

A sentence that ends with から (because) explains the reason or cause of a situation.

(situation)。 (explanation) から。

私(わたし) は 今晩勉強(こん|ばん|べん|きょう) します。あしたテストがありますから。

I will study tonight. (Because) There is a test tomorrow.

荷物(にもつ) を 持(も) ちましょうか。

Shall I carry your luggage?